There is just one history article in today's Nevada Appeal, but it's a meaty one. Sue Ballew looks at the history of the Big Four churches on the west side, in an article titled "What is the oldest church in Carson City?" (The question never gets answered, in case you were thinking of skipping to the end.)

The annual Genoa Candy Dance is coming up in just a few weeks. The Candy Dance is a celebration that Genoa puts on every year featuring arts and crafts booths, a Saturday night dinner-dance, and of course lots and lots of homemade candy. This year the festivities are happening on September 27 and 28, from 9 to 5. The faire takes over just about the entire town, and all roads leading into and out of town are blocked off. You can park in town, for $5, but you need to get there early because the few parking lots they have fill up fast. You can also park at Douglas High School or the Carson Valley Inn and ride a $2 shuttle into town.

The Candy Dance started in 1919 as a fundraiser to buy electric streetlights for the town of Genoa, and it continued each year as a way to continue paying the electric bill. Still today a large part of the proceeds from the faire go into the town's general fund, and make up a significant part of their annual budget. But the turnout this year is expected to be lower than normal, due to the slumping economy and high gas prices. As such, the volunteers are only making 4,000 pounds of candy this year, down from the usual 4,500. Some of the types of candy available will be fudge, soft center mints, English toffee, dragon eye mints, haystacks, peanut brittle, and cappuccino cups.

Nevada State Prison

Last Sunday the Nevada Appeal had two articles about Carson City history. The first is a look back at the history of the Nevada State Prison, a timely article because of all the talk lately about possibly closing the prison. And the second story is a look at Carson City's historic district, from a member of the Historic Resources Commission.

In an act reminiscent of the grand regrades that shaped Seattle in the early 20th century, Carson City is in the process of removing an entire mountain. Except Carson's project is taking place on a slightly smaller scale, and it isn't happening right in the middle of downtown. All that's happening is they're removing the small hill next door to the Carson City airport. Now why they built the airport next to a hill in the first place is a mystery, but that hill has been quite the headache lately. When the wind blows it causes eddies of turbulence around the runways that can be hazardous to pilots. Also the runway has been squeezed in between the hill and a neighboring housing development, and a couple of planes have come down in backyards under the approach path. So now with the hill gone, they're able to realign the runway and get it away from the houses.

The project also involves flattening out some of the lumpy topography around the airport and filling in low areas, so the airport should end up being pretty level when the whole thing is finished.

Earlier this week I went out to Foothill Road on the west side of the Carson Valley. This road runs through Genoa, Mottsville, and Sheridan, and closely follows the route that the wagon trains to California used to take in the 1850s. Most of the towns over on that side of the valley started as trading posts and hotels that served the emigrants. And after the Transcontinental Railroad was built, the wagons stopped and many of the towns dried up. Only Genoa remains as an actual town still, the rest of Foothill Road is taken up with scattered ranches and, over the last few decades, affluent housing subdivisions. But if you look close, there are still remnants of the old Carson Valley still lurking. These are a few pictures I took during the drive.

At the far south end of the valley is the Fredericksburg Cemetery. It's so far south that it's actually located on the other side of the California state line. I had no idea this cemetery was here until I drove past it on the road. Fredericksburg is one of those towns that isn't there anymore; now it's just a loose collection of ranches and houses. And this part of the valley is even less populated because it's part of Alpine County, and most people who live in the valley would rather live on the Nevada side.

Fredericksburg was founded by German settlers who moved to the valley in the 1850s and 60s, and named for Frederick Brickerhof, one of the first to arrive. Several of the families moved here to the south end of the valley and settled into a life of ranching. This small cemetery is filled with the names of these pioneer families. Bruns, Gansberg, Bergevin, Heise, Bassman. In this plot at least four generations of Neddenrieps are buried together.

Parts of this cemetery are immaculately groomed and kept up, while others have weed-strewn graves scattered among the sagebrush. This weathered birdhouse decorates Robert Moxley's grave.

It's a little unsettling to see headstones with no date of death on them. I think this means the person is still alive, but what must it be like to know that there's a tombstone out there, with your name literally on it, just waiting for you?

Up the road a bit we come to Horsethief Canyon, on the south flank of Job's Peak. It's so named because back in the days of the wagon trains, a few enterprising businessmen would steal horses from travelers in the dead of night, and lead them up this canyon to a meadow at the top. There they would stay for several weeks, fattening up on the mountain grasses, until they were brought back down and sold to other travelers.

The canyon is also called Luther Canyon, after Ira Luther who ran a sawmill there.

The mountains look a lot different from up close than they do from the highways in the center of the valley. This is the base of Job's Peak, rising abruptly out of the valley.

Job's Peak was named for Moses Job, the first American to climb to the top. He ran a store here in the 1850s, and the town of Sheridan grew up around him. Once one of the largest settlements in the Carson Valley, it has now dwindled to nothing. There are plenty of houses along this stretch of road, but there is no "Town of Sheridan" anymore.

The same goes for Mottsville. Mottsville was at the intersection of Mottsville and Foothill roads, and the spot where Kingsbury Grade reaches the valley floor. This town was also settled in the 1850s, and grew up around the ranch of Israel Mott. And just like Sheridan, it's now nothing more than a residential area, officially part of "unincorporated Douglas County".

One remnant of Old Mottsville that still remains is the Mottsville Cemetery. Located on a back road off the highway, this cemetery was started when Israel Mott's infant child died and was buried in the yard. Over the years more residents of Mottsville were buried here leading to a sizable cemetery.

Everyone who lives in the Carson Valley is familiar with the Kingsbury Grade, the shortest route up to Lake Tahoe and one of only seven roads linking the Lake with the outside world. We all know the modern Kingsbury, which starts in Mottsville and follows a gentle grade up the hill with a minimum of switchbacks. But that was not the first Kingsbury Grade. The first one started here, three miles or so north at the intersection of Foothill and Muller.

The route, built in 1860 with rudimentary tools, hugged the walls of this canyon on its way up to the summit. Originally just a horse trail, Kingsbury and McDonald graded and improved it to the point where a stagecoach could make the trip fairly comfortably. They also charged a comfortable fee for use of the road, but considering how much shorter it was to travel this way compared to the Woodfords route, most people gladly paid it. This was also the route the Pony Express took between Genoa and Placerville.

Just around the corner from Kingsbury Grade is Van Sickle Station. This was the home of Henry Van Sickle, who ran a hotel, restaurant, trading post, and stables here to cater to travelers on the Emigrant Trail. The station was built in 1857 and in its day was the largest hotel and stage stop in the Carson Valley. It was the last stop to rest and refresh your horses before heading up the mountains, and it was also a stop for the Pony Express. Van Sickle made a considerable profit off of stabling horses and mules to be used in pulling stagecoaches and freight wagons up Kingsbury Grade, but later on he bought the road itself so he could collect the tolls too. Henry Van Sickle was one of the first really successful businessmen in Nevada, and also became one of the earliest heroes when he killed the outlaw Sam Brown who had been terrorizing the Eastern Slope.

Van Sickle's hotel was torn down nearly a hundred years ago, but several of the smaller buildings, like the barns, store, and blacksmith shop, have survived and been incorporated into this private residence on Foothill Road. The house still carries the name "Van Sickle Station".

Just a bit north of Van Sickle Station an old fault line can be seen at the base of the mountains, and this fault brings hot water up from beneath the Earth's surface. The water comes out here, at Walley's Hot Springs. These springs were known in the earliest days of the Emigrant Trail as a good place to stop for a soak and relax before heading back out on the trail. In 1862 a settler named David Walley bought the land the hot springs sat on and started charging for a dip in the restorative waters. The business was a success, and today the site is home to a hotel, restaurant, day spa, and of course several hot pools fed by the same springs.

This building on the Walley's property was built in 1890. It sits directly on top of the spring itself, and houses all the mechanical equipment that feeds the water to the pools. What used to be just a pond next to the road has grown into a high-tech operation, but it still all relies on Mother Nature heating the water for us.

From Walley's you can look back at Job's Peak, its familiar bald dome laying bare in the hot August sun. From here it's about 8 miles back to the town of Sheridan at the base of Job's. The whole Carson Valley is about 20 miles from tip to tip.

Founded in 1851, Genoa was the first permanent town in Nevada (although don't tell that to the folks in Dayton). For the first ten years, until the rise of Carson and Virginia, it was also the largest town on the Eastern Slope and at one time was considered a natural choice for the capital of Nevada. Even though it never was the capital, it was the county seat of Douglas County until 1916, when that honor followed the population shift to the center of the valley and moved to Minden. This building was the old Courthouse, built in 1865. It was badly damaged in 1910 by a fire, which also devastated much of the rest of the town. It was rebuilt, and used as a school until the 1950s. Now it is a museum displaying the history of Genoa and early Nevada.

A bit up the road is the Genoa Cemetery, laid out right at the base of the mountains. The biggest of the three cemeteries on Foothill Road, many of the pioneer names in the Nevada history are buried here, including Henry Van Sickle.

The original Mormon Station, which was the first permanent residence in Nevada, was built very near to where the cemetery is today. A second Mormon Station was later built in the very center of Genoa, and that's the one that was rebuilt as a replica and is now a state park.

To the north of Genoa Foothill Road runs through scrubby desert lands, where there weren't many houses. There still aren't, but some developers have been trying to build subdivisions up that way. The road then runs into Jack's Valley, and curves to meet Hwy 395 by the Target shopping center at the top of Indian Hills. It's a nice drive if you find yourself with some free time one day.

Last Friday Douglas High School Played Las Vegas High at home and even though Douglas lost, it wasn't by much. Douglas started the night with a 14 point lead, but ultimately lost the game to the number one high school football team in the state - 41 to 35 Las Vegas. The Record Courier reported the game with the headline "Football: Wildcats hang on in Wild Season-Opener." The Nevada Appeal reported the same exact story with the headline "Douglas Loses a Shutout." What the hell is that about, Carson City? Is the rivalry between Carson High and Douglas High really that important that the local newspaper has to take a shot below the belt? Plus, it was not a shutout - Douglas scored 35 points! A shutout happens when a team scores nothing, and that is clearly not the case here. That was rude and uncalled for Nevada Appeal - these kids train hard and play with everything they've got with a passion for the game and that is no different from any other kid at any other high school. Douglas went out there and kicked butt. Sure they made mistakes and hopefully they can learn from them and go forward, as every team does. In the end they did a damn good job playing the number one team in the state and they should have been kudoed instead of slapped in the face. It is sad when a newspaper editor (or whoever wrote the headline) has to go on the attack and take a cheap shot at a high school football team. I would hope that the Douglas newspaper would never stoop so low and show more class to report the news - correctly and fairly.

Last year the V&T bought a couple of new railroad cars to run in Virginia City. These cars are fully enclosed and decked out with upholstered seats, lighting, and heat. The first one arrived on the Comstock in July after being trucked across the country. They're going to be fixed up and run on special occasions, maybe even during the wintertime. These cold people below sure could have used one.

But anyway, the reason I'm writing about these new cars now is because I came across this video. The Comstock Historical Society drove out I-80 to meet the new car at the border and take some photos and video. Instead he ended up getting recruited to be a pilot car, and had to follow the car closely all the way back to VC. Once at its new home, the train car had to be lifted off the semi truck and placed on the rails. This video shows the whole process.

If you find yourself pining for the Fourth of July and looking for fireworks, there are some to be had this weekend. South Lake Tahoe is putting on their Labor Day Fireworks Extravaganza this Sunday night, Aug 31. The fireworks will be launched from a barge in the lake, right offshore from the South Shore casinos. So the best place to view the fireworks is from any beach in the area. Anywhere from Nevada Beach to Regan Beach, and even as far away as Baldwin and Pope beaches. Or try to find somewhere on the hill, with an unobstructed view of the lake. Or rent a boat, and watch them up close. Also be sure to bring your radio, because the fireworks will be synchronized to music that is broadcast on KRLT-FM 93.9.

Here is video of the 2005 Fourth of July fireworks.

Today's the big day that the new Burlington Coat Factory, located in the building that used to be Wal*Mart, has its grand opening.

Update: a few pictures from inside, and a report from the Nevada Appeal.

The Republic of Molossia is in the news again. First it was Ryan Jerz, then the Chicago Tribune, and now the Reno Gazette Journal has made the trek "along U.S. 50 past dirt hills, [and] houses of ill repute" to visit Molossia. They also have a photo galley. It's becoming quite the popular little country!